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ExampleA pump seal leak rated Severity 7 (hurts output) × Occurrence 4 (a few times a year) × Detection 5 (only caught on inspection) = RPN 140. A guard rattle at 2×6×3 = RPN 36. Fix the 140 first: a higher RPN means act sooner.

ScaleEach factor is rated 1–10, so RPN runs 1–1000. Action Priority sets when to act: High = Severity 9–10 (safety or regulatory, whatever the RPN) or RPN ≥ 200 · Medium = Severity 7–8 or RPN ≥ 100 · Low = below both. Severity outranks the multiplication on purpose: a rare, easily-caught fault that can still hurt someone is never "low" (IEC 60812:2018 / AIAG-VDA 2019).

Exampleβ (shape) = 2.3 means this part wears out with age (β above 1 = age-related); η (life) = 180 days means about 63% have failed by ~180 run-days. Read it as: "plan a replacement before ~180 days." (β near 1 = random failures, age-based PM won't help; β below 1 = early-life/infant failures, check install quality.)

ExampleVibration starts rising 14 days before a bearing seizes, so the P-F window = 14 days. Inspect at half the window = every 7 days so at least one check always lands inside the warning period. Guidance: set the inspection interval to P-F ÷ 2; for safety-critical assets use P-F ÷ 3 (here, every ~5 days). Too long an interval and you miss the warning; too short wastes labour.